Generative Artificial Intelligence in the Development of Information Technology A Literature Analysis of Innovation, Applications, Risks, and Ethical Challenges
Abstract
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has emerged as a transformative technology in the development of information technology, reshaping software engineering, data processing, digital content creation, cybersecurity, education, business intelligence, and human–computer interaction. This study aims to analyze the innovations, applications, risks, and ethical challenges associated with GenAI and to develop a conceptual framework for its responsible integration into information technology development. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach adapted to literature-based development, consisting of needs analysis, literature exploration, conceptual design, framework development, expert-oriented validation criteria, and refinement. The findings indicate that GenAI provides substantial opportunities for automation, productivity improvement, personalization, rapid prototyping, software development, and knowledge generation, but simultaneously introduces risks involving hallucination, bias, privacy, cybersecurity, intellectual property, misinformation, overdependence, and accountability. The novelty of this study lies in integrating innovation, application, risk, and ethical dimensions into a single R&D-oriented framework for responsible GenAI implementation in information technology. The proposed framework emphasizes human oversight, data governance, continuous evaluation, transparency, security, and ethical accountability as essential conditions for sustainable GenAI adoption
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